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Advantages and disadvantages of single and twin screw extruders

by:TENGDA     2022-01-14
The extruder can be divided into single-screw extruder and twin-screw extruder, both of which are used in different application fields due to different design concepts, and each has its advantages and disadvantages. This article will check the advantages and disadvantages of single screw extruder and twin screw extruder one by one. Single-screw extruder Advantages of single-screw extruder: single-screw extruder has the characteristics of advanced design, high quality, good plasticization, low energy consumption, low noise, stable operation, large bearing capacity and long life. The single-screw extruder adopts a two-stage overall design to strengthen the plasticization function to ensure high-speed, high-performance and stable extrusion. The special barrier comprehensive mixing design ensures the mixing effect of the material, and the high shear and low melting temperature are guaranteed. High-performance low-temperature low-pressure metering extrusion of materials. In addition, single-screw extruders are cheap in design, so single-screw extruders are widely used. (1) The material conveying of the single-screw extruder mainly relies on friction, which limits the feeding performance of the single-screw extruder. It is difficult to add powder, paste, glass fiber and inorganic fillers. (2) When the head pressure of the single-screw extruder is higher, the countercurrent increases, which reduces the productivity of the single-screw extruder. (3) Single-screw extruder exhaust extruder material has a small surface renewal effect in the exhaust zone, so the exhaust effect of single-screw extruder is poor. (4) Single-screw extruder is not suitable for certain technological processes, such as polymer coloring, thermosetting powder processing, etc. Single-screw extruder is high-speed, high-yield extrusion on the basis of high flatness. However, single-screw extruders have their limitations in use. Single-screw extruders are mainly manifested in the following aspects: The material conveying of single-screw extruders mainly depends on friction, which limits the feeding performance of single-screw extruders. It is difficult to add powder, paste, glass fiber and inorganic fillers; when the pressure of the single screw extruder is higher, the countercurrent increases, which reduces the productivity of the single screw extruder; the single screw extruder is exhausted and extruded The surface renewal effect of the discharged material in the exhaust zone is small, so the exhaust effect of the single-screw extruder is poor; the single-screw extruder is not suitable for certain processes, such as polymer coloring, thermosetting powder processing, etc. Twin-screw extruder Compared with single-screw extruder, twin-screw extruder has many advantages in reducing production cost and improving production efficiency. The details are as follows. Reduce production costs: When manufacturing masterbatch, it is often necessary to change the color. If it is necessary to change the product, open the open processing area within a few minutes. In addition, the mixing process can be performed by observing the melt profile on the entire screw. analyze. At present, the common twin-screw extruder needs to use a large amount of cleaning material to clean the machine when changing the color, which is time-consuming, energy-consuming, and waste of raw materials. The split twin-screw extruder can solve this problem. When changing the color, it only takes a few minutes to quickly open the barrel for manual cleaning, so that no or less cleaning materials can be used, which saves costs. Improve production efficiency: In equipment maintenance, ordinary twin-screw extruders often have to remove the heating and cooling systems first, and then take out the screw as a whole. The split twin-screw extruder does not need to be, just loose a few bolts, turn the worm gear box handle device to lift the upper part of the barrel to open the entire barrel, and then perform maintenance. This not only shortens the maintenance time, but also reduces the labor intensity. Wear conditions: The twin-screw extruder is easy to open, so the wear level of the threaded elements and the inner liner of the barrel can be found at any time, so that effective maintenance or replacement can be carried out. It will not be discovered when there is a problem with the extruded product, causing unnecessary waste. High torque and high speed: At present, the development trend of twin-screw extruders in the world is towards high torque, high speed, and low energy consumption. The effect of high speed is high productivity. The split twin-screw extruder belongs to this category, and its speed can reach 500 rpm. Therefore, it has unique advantages in processing high-viscosity and heat-sensitive materials. In addition, the twin-screw extruder has the advantages of a wide range of applications and can be applied to the processing and production of a variety of materials. However, the twin-screw extruder also has shortcomings, which are manifested in the following aspects: the installation problem of the high discharge rate bearing has not been solved; in the meshing zone, especially in the compression section, the barrel and the screw edge are seriously worn; meshing The processing cost of the screw and barrel of the conical twin-screw extruder is relatively high; the heat generated by the material in the barrel is small, and most of the heat must be introduced from the heater outside the barrel.
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